EVALUATION OF THE SENSITIVITY AND SELECTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS OF IMMOBILIZED SORBENTS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BI(III) IONS

Abstract

The present study evaluates the analytical performance of silica gel-based immobilized sorbents for the determination of Bi(III) ions in aqueous solutions. Particular attention was focused on the sensitivity and selectivity characteristics of the developed sorption-spectrophotometric system. The immobilized sorbent exhibited high affinity toward Bi(III) ions, allowing efficient preconcentration and subsequent determination at trace concentration levels. The influence of pH, reagent loading, contact time, sorbent dosage, and foreign ions on analytical performance was systematically investigated. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method provided a detection limit of 0.012 mg/L, a linear range of 0.02-6.0 mg/L, and a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The results demonstrate the applicability of immobilized sorbents for sensitive and selective determination of Bi(III) ions in environmental and industrial samples.